Diaries of TravelHistory · Journeys · Discovery

🇪🇸 Spain

Kingdom of Spain · Southern Europe

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Key facts

CapitalMadrid
Population46.8 million
Area505,992 km² (195,365 mi²)
Official language(s)Spanish
CurrencyEuro (€)
RegionEurope
SubregionSouthern Europe
ContinentEurope
DemonymSpanish
Calling code+34
Time zoneEurope/Madrid

Government

Government typeUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Head of stateMonarch: King Felipe VI
As of January 2026 — verify current officeholders.
Major political partiesPSOE, People's Party (PP), Vox, Sumar
National mottoPlus Ultra
Major religionsChristianity (Catholic majority), Unaffiliated (rising)
Important citiesMadrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Bilbao

History of Spain

Independence / founding: Dynastic union 1479–1516; current constitution 1978

After centuries of Roman and Moorish rule, the Christian kingdoms unified and, from 1492, built one of history's largest empires. Decline, civil war (1936–39) and the Franco dictatorship followed. Since Franco's death in 1975, Spain has been a democratic constitutional monarchy and EU member.

Culture

National animal / birdBull (cultural symbol)
National dishPaella, tapas, jamón ibérico
MusicFlamenco; Spanish classical guitar
National sportFootball

Neighbouring countries