Diaries of TravelHistory · Journeys · Discovery

🇿🇦 South Africa

Republic of South Africa · Southern Africa

View on the interactive map →

Key facts

CapitalPretoria
Population57.8 million
Area1,221,037 km² (471,445 mi²)
Official language(s)Afrikaans, English, Southern Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Swazi, Tswana, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu
CurrencySouth African rand (R)
RegionAfrica
SubregionSouthern Africa
ContinentAfrica
DemonymSouth African
Calling code+27
Time zoneAfrica/Johannesburg

Government

Government typeParliamentary republic (three capitals)
Major political partiesAfrican National Congress (ANC), Democratic Alliance, EFF, and others
National motto!ke e꞉ ǀxarra ǁke (Unity in Diversity)
Major religionsChristianity (majority), Traditional beliefs, Islam, Hinduism
Important citiesJohannesburg, Cape Town, Durban, Pretoria, Bloemfontein

History of South Africa

Independence / founding: Union formed 1910; democratic majority rule from 1994

After Dutch and British colonisation, the Union of South Africa formed in 1910. The apartheid system (1948–1994) enforced brutal racial segregation until a negotiated transition brought Nelson Mandela to power in the first fully democratic election of 1994. It uniquely splits its capital across three cities.

Culture

National animal / birdSpringbok; blue crane (national bird)
National dishBraai (barbecue), bobotie, biltong
MusicKwaito, amapiano, jazz
National sportRugby, football, cricket

Neighbouring countries