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🇯🇵 Japan

Japan · Eastern Asia

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Key facts

CapitalTokyo
Population126.5 million
Area377,930 km² (145,920 mi²)
Official language(s)Japanese
CurrencyJapanese yen (¥)
RegionAsia
SubregionEastern Asia
ContinentAsia
DemonymJapanese
Calling code+81
Time zoneAsia/Tokyo

Government

Government typeUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Head of stateEmperor: Naruhito
As of January 2026 — verify current officeholders.
Major political partiesLiberal Democratic Party, Constitutional Democratic Party, Komeito, Japan Innovation Party
Major religionsShinto & Buddhism (often practised together), Unaffiliated, Christianity
Important citiesTokyo, Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Kyoto

History of Japan

Independence / founding: Traditional founding 660 BC; postwar constitution 1947

An island civilisation with an unbroken imperial line by tradition, Japan was ruled for centuries by samurai shogunates in relative isolation. The Meiji Restoration (1868) rapidly modernised the country. After defeat in WWII, a pacifist constitution and an economic miracle made Japan a leading global economy.

Culture

National animal / birdGreen pheasant (national bird); koi carp
National dishSushi, ramen, tempura
MusicTraditional gagaku; J-pop
National sportSumo (national sport); baseball